双周期可变供货协议的运转优化模型:以漫友为例

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

关注一个双周期且存在单一供应商和多个经销商组成的供应链生产和库存的分配优化问题：第1个期间，供应商根据经销商的订单进行生产。从第2期间开始，通过引入一个双周期调整协议，供应商为经销商提供了一个可以在第2期间重新调整库存的机会，即每个经销商可以从供应商那里购买额外库存或销售回多余库存（转运实际发货、收货等交割可在经销商之间进行）。研究运用建立数学模型论证了双周期情况下一个供应商和多个经销商组成的纵向集中而横向分散型系统（半分散型系统）的生产、库存及价格最优均衡模型，接着通过实例数据分析，对完全集中型、半分散型和完全分散型系统转运优化效果进行比较，结果显示,完全集中型优化效果最好(最高13%)，但实现难度大；而半分散型是否强于完全分散型系统，取决于调节协议中约定的批发价与生产成本之间的差距因素，差距越小，则半分散型系统的优化效果越强（最高3.39%）。

关键词: 供应链管理, 双周期可变合同, 优化转运, 半分散型系统

Abstract:

A two-period production and inventory distribution problem for a supply chain consisting of a single supplier and multiple retailers is focused on. In the first period, the supplier produces according to the submitted order quantities. In the second period, inventory can be re-distributed among the retailers using a two-period adjustment contract. Under this contract, each retailer can either buy additional inventory from the supplier or sell back excess inventory to the supplier, delivery occurring only between the retailers. A mathematical optimization model is built for the semi-decentralized system, centralized in vertical direction and decentralized in horizontal direction. A case analysis method is then applied to compare the optimization effect under centralized, semi-decentralized and decentralized systems. The results show that centralized system is the best (13%), but is difficult to achieve; and that whether semi-decentralized system is better than decentralized system depends on the gap between the wholesale price and production cost in contract, namely, the smaller the gap, the better the optimization effect (3.39%).

Key words: supply chain management, two-period adjustment contracts, optimized transshipments, semi-decentralized system

张显峰. 双周期可变供货协议的运转优化模型:以漫友为例[J]. 工业工程.

ZHANG Xianfeng. An Optimized Transshipment System Using -Two-Period Adjustment Contracts：A Case of Comicfans Co.Ltd[J]. Industrial Engineering Journal .

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