基于近红外光学脑成像实验的轻型装配作业的中断效应研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2019.03.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中断任务的复杂度和相似性对作业者操作绩效和脑认知负荷有不同程度影响。通过设计不同复杂度和不同相似性中断情景下的乐高模型模拟轻型装配实验，记录作业者操作绩效指标，并利用近红外光学脑成像设备监测其左右脑前额叶含氧血红蛋白浓度变化，分析中断类型对轻型装配作业者操作绩效和脑认知负荷的影响规律及其内在机理。结果表明，中断任务的复杂度不会导致作业者操作绩效和脑认知负荷出现显著差异，相似中断会导致作业者操作绩效下降，不相似中断会导致作业者脑认知负荷增加。研究发现了作业者应对中断时的注意力资源分配规律，并发展了动作技能型任务注意力焦点转换过程中的工作记忆理论，从而指导轻型装配企业合理制定标准作业时间和中断管理策略，降低作业者脑认知负荷，以实现可持续高效生产。

关键词: 工作中断, 近红外光学脑成像, 认知负荷, 轻型装配

Abstract: More and more enterprises are faced with the problems that production tasks are often complex and changeable, and random disturbances increase dramatically during production, which leads to frequent work interruption. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the changes of operators' performance and cognitive load in the case of work interruption. A Lego-light assembly experiment was carried out under interruption mixed with different degrees of complexity and similarity. 24 undergraduates participated in the experiment. Each subject was randomly assigned to five different groups of assembly tasks (non-interruption, similar-simple, complex-similar, simple-dissimilar, and complex-dissimilar). During the experiment, the operators' completion time and error rate were recorded. Meanwhile, the changes of oxygen hemoglobin concentration in the left and right brain prefrontal of operators were monitored with the use of near-infrared spectroscopy device. The results show that the complexity of interruption tasks has no effect on the brain cognitive load and performance of operators, but similar interruptions impair operators' performance, and dissimilar interruptions increase operators' cognitive load. The study finds the allocation of attention resources in the brain when operators were interrupted, and develops the working memory theory in the process of attention focus conversion of the action skill task, which guides light assembly companies to formulate interrupt management strategies rationally, improve production efficiency, and reduce operator cognitive load to achieve sustainable and efficient production.

Key words: work interruption, near-infrared spectroscopy, cognitive load, light assembly line

中图分类号:

韩文民, 黄劲松, 吴俊, 夏华杰, 章露露. 基于近红外光学脑成像实验的轻型装配作业的中断效应研究[J]. 工业工程, 2019, 22(3): 57-64.

HAN Wenmin, HUANG Jingsong, WU Jun, XIA Huajie, ZHANG Lulu. A Research on the Interruption Effect of Light Assembly Operation Based on Near Infrared Optical Brain Imaging Experiment[J]. Industrial Engineering Journal , 2019, 22(3): 57-64.

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