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28 February 2020, Volume 23 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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A Partitioning Algorithm of Multimodal Traffic Networks for Obtaining Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram FU Hui, WANG Yefei, CHEN Saifei 2020, 23 (1):  1-9.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.001 Abstract ( 1179 )   HTML ( 38 )   PDF (1255KB) ( 5646 )   Save For revealing the interaction between different modes of traffic flow, this paper proposes a network partitioning algorithm considering the multi-mode attributes of the given road network. Considering speed of social vehicles and buses and adjacent matrix of road segments in real network, a three-step framework for network partitioning is proposed which consists of initialized partitioning, subnetwork merging, and boundary adjustment. Various numerical experiments are conducted using real data of Shenzhen road network. The results show that the heterogeneity degree of the partitioned network using the proposed three-step partitioning algorithm are lower than the previous method. In addition, the existence of the multi-mode macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) is verified by recognizing the corresponding macroscopic density to flow relationship in the real subnetworks of Shenzhen. Therefore, the proposed algorithm can be used to achieve a well-defined MFD of certain targeted subnetwork. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Research on Key Information for Collaborative Business Response Control of Logistics Information Platforms DENG Jianxin, YAN Haijuan, SHI Xianlian 2020, 23 (1):  10-17.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.002 Abstract ( 1114 )   HTML ( 23 )   PDF (704KB) ( 5419 )   Save To improve the collaborative response efficiency of logistics business discovered through logistics information platforms and to optimize the design of the corresponding decision supportive modules, how to get the key information influencing decisions of logistics business trading parties is focused on. By constructing a logistics business collaborative response decision system, 17 potentially influential information factors such as knowledge level is identified from three aspects: decision makers, decision tasks and environment. The importance degree of each information factor is obtained by calculating their weights based on AHP, DEMATEL and AHP-DEMATEL methods. Moreover, the best order of the all information factors is determined according to the theory of the total orders and the important degrees above. Then, let the information with 85% cumulative weights as the key information, and all the key information data are derived from the intersection among the best order and the consensus key information under the three methods, which are marginal revenue, marginal cost, business matching degree, and so on. It may greatly reduce the design workload of logistics business control/decision-making system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Study of the Nonparametric Method for Multivariate Process Monitoring Based on LSSVM LI Li, HE Shuguang 2020, 23 (1):  18-22,34.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.003 Abstract ( 961 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF (972KB) ( 5414 )   Save Multivariate control charts are often used to monitor process with more than one variable and detect whether there are systematic deviations in the process. When the distribution of the process variables is unknown, nonparametric methods are commonly used alternatively. To the multivariate process with no baseline distribution, a nonparametric multivariate process monitoring method is proposed based on LSSVM (least squares support vector machine). Under the situation where there are in-control data (denoted as reference dataset) only, the incoming process observations are preprocessed using the moving window method and used to dynamically train the LSSVM model together with the reference dataset. Then the distances between the samples in the moving windows and the hyperplane of the trained LSSVM are used as monitoring statistics. The design of the monitoring model and parameter selection are discussed and the performance of the model is evaluated both with simulations and with a real case. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Production Control Method of High Disturbance Mould Manufacturing Workshop Based on Workload Control YANG Xiaojia, LIU Jianjun, CHEN Qingxin, MAO Ning 2020, 23 (1):  23-34.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.004 Abstract ( 997 )   HTML ( 34 )   PDF (970KB) ( 5493 )   Save In trial-manufacture mould production, parts with different routings and processing time are machined first and then assembled. The inconsistent progress of related parts will affect assembly start-up, while high-frequency accidents such as rework and repair interfere with progress coordination. Real-time decision-making dispatching rules can coordinate production progress timely, but decentralized rules are difficult to coordinate many parts in workshops with fluctuating and unbalanced workload. Workload control method will be introduced to balance the task queues and improve the coordination efficiency of rules. A multi-level hierarchical method with coupling release control, machine selection and dispatching rules is constructed. The excellent performance of the proposed method and the inherent relationship between collaboration-oriented and setup-saving priority rules in different control levels are studied by simulation experiments. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Give up the National Brand? —A Game Analysis between Supplier Encroachment and Store Brand Introduction LIU Dun, SONG Huiling, NIE Jiajia 2020, 23 (1):  35-43,58.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.005 Abstract ( 1339 )   HTML ( 17 )   PDF (1168KB) ( 5793 )   Save A study is conducted on the competition not only between direct channel and retail channel but between national brand and store brand. By considering the situation that the supplier opens up a direct channel, and the retailer gives up selling the national brand and introduce the store brand, the non-cooperative game between retailers and suppliers is investigated under six scenarios. The research draws on different Nash equilibrium strategies and profits, further exploring the impact of different parameters on the strategic choices of both sides of the supply chain. Results indicates that, the retailer gives up selling the national brand when the production cost of store brand is less than the production cost of national brand. At this time, if the production cost of national brand and the direct selling cost are small, and the production cost of store brand is close to the production cost of national brand, the supplier encroaches; otherwise, the supplier refuses to open up a direct channel. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Research on the Selection of Manufacturers' Dual-channel Operation Mode in the Electronic Commerce Environment YANG Dianling, WANG Juxiang 2020, 23 (1):  44-52.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.006 Abstract ( 1308 )   HTML ( 18 )   PDF (916KB) ( 5560 )   Save In order to study the choice of the manufacturer in the traditional operation mode and the dual-channel operation mode after adding electronic channel, the service level influence and comparing the profit of each member of the supply chain in the traditional operation mode, the product co-marketing mode and the revenue sharing mode are considered by using the Stackelberg game method. The results show that it is always beneficial for the manufacturer to improve service level. And then, under certain conditions, the profit of the manufacturer after increasing the electronic channel is larger than that under the traditional operation mode. At the same time, when the proportion of revenue sharing is less than half, it is more advantageous for the manufacturer to choose the revenue sharing mode, and therefore, if the proportion of revenue sharing is greater than half, it is more advantageous for the manufacturer to choose the product co-marketing mode. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Price War Countermeasures of Cloud Manufacturing Service Platform Based on Game Theory WANG Xueping, XIE Can, GAO Xinqin, WANG Shanshan 2020, 23 (1):  53-58.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.007 Abstract ( 1273 )   HTML ( 21 )   PDF (547KB) ( 5552 )   Save Under the cloud manufacturing mode, the malicious low price and intentional price reduction behaviors of manufacturing service providers will lead to a price war on the cloud manufacturing service platform. The data including the service prices, the numbers of manufacturing service providers and the transaction number in a period of time on a cloud manufacturing service platform are analyzed, and a conclusion is drawn that the quotation of manufacturing services obeys the normal distribution law when the manufacturing service providers and demanders reach a certain size. The game theory is introduced into the cloud manufacturing mode, the game models of manufacturing service providers and cloud manufacturing service platform are built under different countermeasures, and the sub game perfect Nash equilibrium is given. Aiming at the deliberate and slow price reduction behavior, the information acquisition cost of the manufacturing service providers with premeditated price reduction is increased by adding the conditional restriction of obtaining information. The research shows that the proposed two price war countermeasures can effectively prevent the manufacturing service providers from the malicious low price and intentional price reduction behaviors, and ensure the stable operation of the cloud manufacturing service platform. References | Related Articles | Metrics

An Advance Selling Strategy of the Seller Considering Stockouts SHI Guohong, LI Lingxiao, CHEN Jingxian 2020, 23 (1):  59-66.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.008 Abstract ( 965 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF (745KB) ( 5496 )   Save It will be a kind of benefit guarantee for the consumers if the seller adopts the strategy of compensation for stockouts or provides full refund service for the consumers who do not receive the goods on time when the seller presells a new product. And it may increase the possibility of the consumers' booking, thereby increasing their profit. Therefore, the single advance selling strategy and the strategy of compensation for delayed delivery and the strategy of providing full refund are compared, the profit models of the retailer with three different strategies are constructed in order to obtain a best advance selling strategy. The results show that the distinction between the three different selling strategies are influenced by the sales environment. The seller could choose the optimal selling strategy according to the different sales environment. When implementing the single advance selling strategy and the strategy of providing full refund, the seller can get higher profits by exaggerating the possibility of delivery on time. But the actual delivery possibility promotion is the better improvement direction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Research on the Retailer's Consumer Credit Policy under Compound-poisson Demand and Inventory Constraint JING Youguo, LIU Zhen, SONG Jian 2020, 23 (1):  67-72,103.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.009 Abstract ( 908 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (1008KB) ( 5530 )   Save In view of the retailer's inventory constraints, the consumer arrival process obeying the Poisson distribution, and its purchasing behavior depending on the ability to pay and perceived value, a research is conducted on the optimal consumer credit policy decision of the retailer under different inventory levels in a sales season: never implement, always implement or implement on time. Studies have shown that consumer credit policies should never be implemented when fixed costs are above a certain threshold or when inventory levels are below a certain threshold. When the inventory level is above a certain threshold, the consumer credit policy should always be implemented. When the inventory level is between the above two thresholds, the consumer credit policy should be implemented at the right time, that is, consumer credit should be implemented from a certain moment after the start of the sales season. When the retail price is relatively high, consumer credit subsidies should be provided to consumers. Under other conditions, the shorter the sales season, the more the consumer credit policy should be implemented. Finally, the accuracy and reliability of the proposition are verified by a case study. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Supply Chain Coordination Based on Wholesale Price Contract under Psychological Deviation and Stochastic Demand FU Kaifang, WANG Hongqi, ZHOU Guolin, CHEN Zhixiang, PENG Jianping 2020, 23 (1):  73-80.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.010 Abstract ( 940 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF (771KB) ( 5575 )   Save Based on the social comparative theory in behavioral economics, the concept of positive and negative psychological deviation is put forward, and a supply chain effect model is established in the case of positive and negative psychological deviation. The optimal ordering strategy for two types of retailers is discussed, and the influence of positive psychological deviation index, retailer’s exogenous force parameter and negative psychological deviation index on the optimal ordering strategy under the two types of circumstances is analyzed. The conditions for supply chain coordination are discussed in the context of wholesale price contracts. The theory and example analysis show that when the retailer has positive psychological deviation, the retailer effect changes to be a U type with the increase of the positive psychological deviation index. Under certain conditions, the wholesale price contract can make the supply chain coordinate. When the retailer has negative psychological deviation, the order quantity decreases with the increase of the negative psychological deviation index, and decreases with the increase of the external influence parameters. Whether with the negative psychological deviation index or with the manufacturer’s external power parameters, the supply chain cannot be coordinated. The influence of irrational factors on the ordering strategy in the decision-making process is discussed. The conclusions can provide guidance for ordering practice and enrich the research of behavior operation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Study of Recycling Pricing for Express Packaging Based on Patent Protection Closed-loop Supply Chain TIAN Liping, LI Lulu, LI Wenlong 2020, 23 (1):  81-86.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.011 Abstract ( 1278 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF (590KB) ( 5467 )   Save Aiming at the pricing problem of express packaging recycling, firstly, a closed-loop supply chain system of express packaging recycling composed of a manufacturer, a remanufacturer and a logistics service provider is constructed. Secondly, the Stackelberg game method is used to compare the two recycling modes of non-patent protection and patent protection, and the conclusion is drawn that patent protection can be applied to both manufacturers and remanufacturers to achieve greater profits and win-win situation. Thirdly, under patent protection, after considering the competition relationship between the two, a conclusion is drawn: competition has a negative impact on both, and suggestions are given on when producers will participate in the competition. Finally, the correctness of the conclusion is verified by numerical value. The research results not only enrich the theoretical research of closed-loop supply chain, but also have reference value for the implementation of patent protection policy in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Research on Pricing Strategy of Tourism Supply Chain Based on Different Dominant Forces and Fairness Preference LIN Qiang, CHEN Lin, NING Qingwan, QIN Xinghong 2020, 23 (1):  87-95.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.012 Abstract ( 1431 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF (499KB) ( 5538 )   Save In order to study the influence of the fairness preference of the decision-maker under different leading forces on the pricing strategy of tourism service supply chain, a Stackelberg game model for tourism service supply chain composed of a scenic spot and a travel agency is established, and the fairness preference of dependent party is introduced into the model. Under different power structures of supply chain, the pricing strategies of information symmetry and asymmetry of fair preference are studied and compared. The results show that: in the case of the scenic spot dominating the supply chain, when the information of travel agencies' fairness preference is symmetrical, the scenic spot will adopt the behavior of reducing the wholesale price, and the optimal selling price of travel agency remains unchanged; when the information of the travel agency's fairness preference is asymmetric, the optimal wholesale price of scenic spot remains the same, while the optimal selling price of travel agency increases gradually. In the case of travel agency leading the supply chain, the optimal wholesale price of scenic spot gradually increases, and the optimal selling price of travel agency remains the same, whether the fairness preference information is symmetrical or not. However, the optimal wholesale price of scenic spots in the case of information asymmetry is smaller than that in the case of information symmetry. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Multi-factor Cooperative Incentive Control Model of Construction Projects Based on Principal Agent Theory JI Gedi, YANG Kang 2020, 23 (1):  96-103.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.013 Abstract ( 901 )   HTML ( 24 )   PDF (791KB) ( 5501 )   Save Incentive control is the basis for ensuring the project duration, quality and cost objectives. The literature review finds that traditional incentive model of construction project usually considers one or two objectives. Researches on multi-factor incentive models are not yet mature: not considering the correlation between multiple factors, and the quality objectives are difficult to quantify. This may lead to neglecting some important factors in the process of construction, resulting in the irretrievable loss. In view of the above problems, two basic performance measures in EVM system are used, quality quantified, considering substitutability between multi-factors, establishing a multi-factor principal-agent model, and illustrating the application conditions of the model. Furthermore, a calculation method is derived for optimal incentive strength, and the application steps listed. Finally, a case study and data simulation are carried out. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Research on Quality Control Strategy of Online Shopping Products from the Perspective of Supply Chain FAN Dingxiang, LI Chonglian 2020, 23 (1):  104-111.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.014 Abstract ( 1156 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF (663KB) ( 5601 )   Save Aiming at the quality problems of counterfeit and shoddy products in the online shopping supply chain, the online shopping supply chain consisting of three rational groups of e-commerce platform, platform sales enterprise and the consumer is considered. By constructing a mixed Nash equilibrium model of three-party game, the hybrid strategy Nash equilibrium solution is found. Furthermore, the influence of various factors on the behavior probability of related subjects in the online shopping supply chain is analyzed, and the expected returns of each subject are obtained. Finally, a numerical simulation analysis of the influencing factors of the model is carried out by using Matlab2017a software. The research results show that there is a mixed strategy Nash equilibrium in the online shopping supply chain quality game, and the behavioral probability of each subject is related to the factors such as punishment, forgery, inspection cost, income, platform registration fee, regret value, and happiness value. The penalty value and the platform registration fee of the e-commerce enterprise should be increased to the median interval. At the same time, the consumer should increase the regret value and the lucky value to the maximum value of the interval, so that the expected returns of each subject can reach the ideal state at the same time. References | Related Articles | Metrics

practice & application

A Strategic Analysis of Service Leasing Based on Multi-objective Non-cooperative Game in Cloud Manufacturing XU Yan, LAI Chaoan 2020, 23 (1):  112-118,133.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.015 Abstract ( 1319 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF (1046KB) ( 5398 )   Save Traditional manufactural enterprises get profit by the way of selling and after-sales services. However, in cloud manufacturing, it becomes a new earnings mode to focus on product quality, extending service life and leasing products to customers as services. The service provider and the service demand side in cloud service platform are considered as two game players. From the perspective of supply and demand Stackelberg game, a bi-level programming model for service leasing in cloud manufacturing service platform is established by combining the remaining useful life prediction which uses big data analysis technology. Bi-level programming problem involves leader-follower hierarchical complex decision making, and is NP-hard. The present model is solved by NSGA-II and a tools factory used to verify the practicability and validity of the model. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Study of Lumbar Muscle Fatigue of Combine Harvester Drivers Based on sEMG ZHU Rongxin 2020, 23 (1):  119-125.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.016 Abstract ( 1002 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (671KB) ( 5668 )   Save To explore the physiological information of lumbar muscle changes of combine harvester drivers during the driving process, the evolution process of lumbar muscle fatigue of combine harvester drivers was studied by contrast. The surface electromyographic signals of the left and right erector spinae muscle of 10 combine harvester drivers were collected respectively in the process of 120 min harvest driving and 120 min sitting. The change rule of iEMG, RMS, MPF, MF and sample entropy of the surface electromyographic signals with driving time was analyzed in different groups. The validity representing lumbar fatigue of characteristic parameters was investigated. The results demonstrate that the left and right erector spinae muscles are submitted to fatigue after 120min harvest driving operation. In the control group, there were no significant differences in time domain, frequency domain and non-linear indexes of the surface electromyography signals of the left and right erector spinal muscles before and after the task (P > 0.05). In the experimental group, the iEMG and RMS of the surface electromyography of lumbar erector spine muscle increased significantly with the driving time (P < 0.05), while the MPF, MF and sample entropy decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with linear index, the variation coefficient of sample entropy is the smallest, which can better represent the physiological information of lumbar fatigue and has good stability. References | Related Articles | Metrics

An Interest Coordination of Double-channel Two-level Supply Chain for Fresh Agricultural Products under Contract Game LI Wenlong 2020, 23 (1):  126-133.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.017 Abstract ( 1412 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF (752KB) ( 5444 )   Save In the two-channel supply chain consisting of a third-party e-commerce platform and distributors, fresh agricultural products and information symmetry are considered as the main factors to coordinate the interest of the supply chain. The benefits of the e-commerce platform and distributors are allocated by means of revenue-sharing contract and game theory respectively, and two kinds of allocation are found. Finally, a game theory allocation scheme based on revenue sharing contract is established to increase the overall benefit and stability of the supply chain and better coordinate the interests of members. The results show that the benefit-sharing contract model under game theory can consider the factors more comprehensively, and get the best benefit distribution result by considering the gain and loss of the members under the influence of freshness. Through the analysis of examples, it can be concluded that when concealment is 0.8 under centralized decision-making, the gap of interests between the two sides tends to decrease, which shows the advantage of profit sharing contract model under game theory over that under game model. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Simulation of Appointment Decision under Peak Arrival JI Mengzhong, HE Da, QIU Mengning, HUANG Yihuai, PENG Jun, XIANG Wei 2020, 23 (1):  134-142.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.01.018 Abstract ( 1031 )   HTML ( 16 )   PDF (1210KB) ( 5334 )   Save The appropriate appointment decision situation under different scenarios studied by effect analysis considering peak arrival case. Through survey and statistical analysis on historical data, nine basic appointment rules are adopted. The experiments of 11 groups of reservation rate combined with 3 kinds of peak arrival conditions are set up and analyzed with discrete event system simulation. The waiting time is used as the measurement of simulation experiment, and the relationship among the appointment rule - the number of arrival - the reservation ratio is obtained by analyzing the influence on the waiting time. The optimal appointment rule under each case is obtained. The appropriate appointment rule is summarized under peak arrival case and several improvement suggestions are given for the design of appointment system. References | Related Articles | Metrics