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30 December 2020, Volume 23 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Emergency Resource Management in Response to Serious Infectious Diseases: A Literature Review JIANG Zhibin, WEN Jing, GENG Na, ZHOU Liping 2020, 23 (6):  1-9.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.001 Abstract ( 986 )   HTML ( 59 )   PDF (596KB) ( 5378 )   Save As the infectious disease network evolves, demands for emergency resource is time-varying and stochastic, implying that research for resource management is challenging. Hence, it is necessary to conduct literature review about the emergency resource management in response to infectious diseases. Firstly, model formulation and analysis on the epidemic network were introduced. Secondly, a survey of emergency resource management under epidemic was presented from four major research fields, i.e., resource allocation, location and logistic, inventory and supply chain management, and resource reorganization. Lastly, the existing researches were summarized and suggestions made for future research topics. References | Related Articles | Metrics

articles

Retailer Pricing and Channel Selection Strategies Considering Free-riding and Risk Aversion ZHANG Guangming, JIANG Hao, TAO Ying 2020, 23 (6):  10-17.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.002 Abstract ( 1439 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF (1152KB) ( 5281 )   Save Aiming at a supply chain consisting of a risk-averse retailer and a risk-neutral manufacturer, considering the "free-riding" behavior of consumer services, a retail-led mean-variance model under single-channel and dual-channel retailers is constructed. Through the inverse solution, the optimal decisions of the supply chain members are obtained and compared. Finally, the analysis and verification of an example show that the retailer's dual-channel price is inversely related to the retailer's risk attitude and market demand fluctuations, while the manufacturer's wholesale price changes are opposite. When the retailer's risk aversion is within a certain range, expected utility is higher than that under decentralized decision-making. It is not always advantageous for retailers to open online channels under "free-riding", and there are free-riding ratios, promotional effort coefficients, and risk aversion value ranges that make retail profitable. On the contrary, it will cause negative growth in profit when it is outside the optimal range. Therefore, companies should reasonably control their degree of risk aversion and cost coefficient to obtain excess profits under the dual channel model more properly. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Research on Government Subsidy Strategy of Closed-loop Supply Chain Considering Product Green Degree LUO Fuzhou, WANG Wenxin 2020, 23 (6):  18-27.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.003 Abstract ( 1583 )   HTML ( 15 )   PDF (800KB) ( 5332 )   Save In order to study the influence of government subsidy strategies on the decision-making of each subject in the closed-loop supply chain, considering product green degree, a two-stage Stackelberg game model is constructed. In this model, manufacturers and retailers are game leaders and game followers, respectively. Aiming at the two major expenditures of manufacturers in the process of recycling used products, a recycling activity investment subsidy strategy (SI subsidy strategy) and a recycling product remanufacturing cost subsidy strategy (SC subsidy strategy) were designed. The advantages and disadvantages of subsidy strategies are compared and analyzed from two perspectives: the same subsidy rate and the same subsidy efficiency per unit. The results show that: (1) no matter what kind of subsidy strategy, within the range of reasonable subsidy rates, the profits of all entities in the closed-loop supply chain increase as the subsidy rate increases; (2) Using the same subsidy rate as the evaluation standard, the SC subsidy strategy is superior to the SI subsidy strategy; (3) Taking the subsidy efficiency of the same subsidy amount as the evaluation standard, the SI subsidy strategy is superior to the SC subsidy strategy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Cold Chain Game Analysis Considering Consumer Identification Ability FAN Xiangyu, LIU Zhibao, WU Xiaoping 2020, 23 (6):  28-34,59.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.004 Abstract ( 1098 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF (905KB) ( 5209 )   Save Consumer identification refers to the ability of consumers to identify the quality of products or services they buy. In order to solve the problem that ignoring consumer identification ability will lead to inaccurate conclusions and misleading decision-makers' decisions, a mixed strategy game model between government, cold-chain product enterprises and consumers, which considers and which neglects consumer identification ability, is constructed by using complete information static game method. By analyzing Nash equilibrium solution and expected return, it is found that neglecting consumer identification ability will underestimate the expected return of government departments, and the expected return of enterprises and consumers is also inaccurate. Therefore, in practical problems, attention should be paid to consumers' ability to identify products. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Game Analysis of Closed-loop Supply Chain of Waste Electrical Appliances Based on EPR HU Zuoan, JIA Yezi 2020, 23 (6):  35-41,67.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.005 Abstract ( 1331 )   HTML ( 13 )   PDF (790KB) ( 5551 )   Save Based on the producer responsibility extension system, the game theory method is used to construct the dynamic and static game models of government, producers and consumers in the process of forward logistics and reverse logistics in the closed-loop supply chain of electrical and electronic products. The game relationship and the game equilibrium solution of each participant are analyzed, and the decision-making factors of different stakeholders are obtained. The analysis results show that the good operation of the closed-loop supply chain of electrical and electronic products requires the players to achieve a balanced interest. The government's decision will affect the enthusiasm of producers and consumers to participate in the closed-loop supply chain of electrical and electronic products. Based on this, effective proposals for promoting the implementation and development of closed-loop supply chain of electrical and electronic products are proposed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Research on Value-risk Model of SaaS ERP Adoption in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises LI Dan, ZHU Zongqian, JIA Yiwu 2020, 23 (6):  42-51.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.006 Abstract ( 1039 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF (1122KB) ( 5620 )   Save From the perspective of strategic management, based on the theory of reasoned action (TRA) model, the SaaS ERP (software-as-a-service ERP) is identified from two perspectives of value recognition and risk recognition. From the perspective of enterprise SaaS ERP adoption process analysis, it respectively identifies SaaS ERP from the short-term, medium-term and long-term. The adoption value of ERP is identified from the adoption decision-making stage, supplier selection stage and service migration stage. The adoption value-risk model of SaaS ERP is constructed, and the adoption decision-making simulation is carried out based on support vector machine (SVM). The model can provide guidance for small and medium-sized enterprises to adopt and evaluate SaaS ERP. In addition, it can lay a theoretical foundation for the follow-up research of SaaS ERP. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Research on Quality and Safety Control of Fresh Agricultural Products under Internet Environment HUO Hong, BAI Yicai 2020, 23 (6):  52-59.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.007 Abstract ( 1329 )   HTML ( 14 )   PDF (974KB) ( 5509 )   Save For the quality and safety of fresh agricultural products, a tripartite evolutionary game model between farmers, leading enterprises and consumers in the internet environment is constructed. With the evolutionary game model, the evolutionary process and the strategy selection of the other main bodies under the interaction of three subjects are explored. Through solving the stability equilibrium point, the evolution path of fresh agricultural products quality and safety under different conditions is analyzed, using matlab for example analysis. The results show that the tripartite evolutionary game model of fresh agricultural products quality and safety has multiple evolutionary stabilization strategies, and there are corresponding evolutionary stability conditions. Suggestions promoting farmers and leading enterprises to provide high quality and safety fresh agricultural products are put forward, which may provide a direction for controlling the quality and safety level of the fresh agricultural products. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Study on Prediction of Domestic Production Safety Accidents Based on Improved GM(1,1)-Markov Model WANG Tieli, PENG Hengming 2020, 23 (6):  60-67.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.008 Abstract ( 1089 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF (596KB) ( 5620 )   Save In order to accurately predict the trend of the development of production safety accidents in our country, an improved GM(1,1)-Markov prediction model was established based on the traditional GM(1,1) model and the Markov model, and the actual application of this improved model was discussed by using the original sequence about the numbers of production safety accidents from 2005 to 2018. This study differs from traditional grey residual correction theory, and it selected the relative error of the gray prediction result as the correction index, and applied the Markov model to optimized the prediction of the relative error state and the error symbol state respectively, and the accuracy of this model was evaluated by the average relative error and probability of small error. The results showed that the improved GM(1,1)-Markov model had a relative error of 3.0%, and compared with a single gray prediction model, the prediction error was reduced by 19.5%, which prediction accuracy was significantly improved, and the numbers of production safety accidents in China will reach 479 in 2019. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Auto Parts Supply Inventory for OEMs-transportation Integration Optimization TANG Limin, ZOU Yiyi, SUN Ju 2020, 23 (6):  68-74.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.009 Abstract ( 1155 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (588KB) ( 5794 )   Save In the "multi-supplier, single distribution center, single OEM" auto parts supply network, in order to solve the inventory-transportation integrated optimization problems of the third-party logistics (TPL) service provider, driven by the OEM's production demand information in leading the supply logistics activities, an auto parts inventory-transportation integrated optimization model is constructed, determining the frequency of pickup in the collection and transportation phase, the circular pickup route, and the component grouping method and delivery times of the delivery phase. The feasibility of the model has been verified in both performance and effectiveness, as well as in reducing carbon dioxide emissions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Coordination Model with Revenue-sharing Contract Considering Carbon Tax and Consumers' Low-carbon Preference PANG QingHua, ZHOU WeiMo, XIANG Min 2020, 23 (6):  75-82.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.010 Abstract ( 1377 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (744KB) ( 5462 )   Save Carbon emission reduction in supply chain is an effective means to reduce the greenhouse effect. Considering the carbon tax and consumers' low-carbon awareness, the paper studies how to coordinate the carbon emission reduction in supply chain which consists of one manufacture and one supplier. Firstly, it analyzes the centralized decision condition and obtains the requirements to coordinate carbon emission reduction in supply chain. Secondly, it builds the supply chain coordination model with revenue-sharing contract by introducing quantity discount policy, which solves the problem that the classical revenue-sharing contract cannot coordinate the low-carbon supply chain, and the conditions are also given that the contract parameters should meet. Finally, assuming the market demand being affected by consumer's low-carbon preference in addition form, methods are proposed to determine the optimal order quantity and the optimal carbon emission by model optimization. The study shows the wholesale price that the supplier provides the manufacturer will decline with the rise of carbon tax and increase with the rise of carbon emission. The order quantity of the supply chain system is inversely proportion to the carbon tax, while the level of carbon emission reduction is proportional to the carbon tax and inversely proportional to the carbon emission reduction factor. It has a certain guiding significance for the government to make suitable carbon tax policy and for the supply chain members to meet the low-carbon product demand. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Research on Optimization of Vehicle Allocation and Routing for Single-line Supermarket ZHOU Xiaoye, MA Xiaoyun, CUI Yao, WANG Sicong 2020, 23 (6):  83-88,116.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.011 Abstract ( 904 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (970KB) ( 5612 )   Save Aiming at the problem that the different urgency of work station in material demand affects the priority of distribution, an optimization model and algorithm are proposed for vehicle configuration and distribution path of single-line supermarket considering the priority of station distribution. Firstly, based on the distribution process of single-line supermarket, a mathematical model is constructed, in which the priority of distribution is expressed by the urgency coefficient of material demand, with the objective to minimize the vehicle allocation and the shortest route. Secondly, an improved ant colony algorithm with control search factors is proposed to solve the problem. By setting different control search factors in different periods of iteration to change the node selection probability, the search speed of the optimal solution is improved and the algorithm is avoided to fall into the local optimum. Finally, through the analysis of examples, the correctness of the model is verified, and it is also proved that the improved ant colony algorithm can realize the priority distribution of workstations with a high degree of urgency for material requirements. Compared with the basic ant colony algorithm, the improved ant colony algorithm has advantages in calculation results and algorithm running time. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Research on Base Station Operation and Maintenance of Dynamic Selectable and Repeatable Pickup and Delivery Problem LIU Guangyu, CHEN Zhijian, YU Huilin, CHEN Mingyao, XIE Wei 2020, 23 (6):  89-94,123.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.012 Abstract ( 856 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (948KB) ( 5727 )   Save In order to solve the dynamic multi-vehicle selective and repeatable pick-up and delivery problem with time windows (DMVSRPDPTW), a dynamic vehicle routing model based on dynamic requirements is established. For the real-time arrival requirements, the dynamic problem is divided into several static problems. Each time a static problem is solved, the initial solution is constructed by the insertion algorithm, and the improved variable neighborhood search algorithm is designed to improve the initial solution. In order to accurately calculate the time when the vehicle arrives at each request, the traffic time of any two points is read from the Baidu map. Multiple instances are constructed based on the historical data from the China Tower Co., Ltd illustrate: the proposed algorithm could get better results in one minute, and it has an average improvement of 46.47% compared with the existing experience of the company, and an average improvement of 30.38% compared with the insertion algorithm. The algorithm has been applied by the company in actual base station operation and maintenance to reduce the maintenance costs efficiently. References | Related Articles | Metrics

practice & application

Maintenance Policy for A Multi-component System Considering Preventive Maintenance Duration and Dependence QIAN Qian, JIANG Zuhua 2020, 23 (6):  95-100,123.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.013 Abstract ( 772 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (984KB) ( 5837 )   Save Aiming at the characteristics of many parts, long maintenance duration and high maintenance cost in the maintenance process of EMU key systems, a opportunistic maintenance strategy of a multi-component system is proposed. The strategy is under three factors: preventive maintenance duration, fault dependence and economic dependence. The failure rate model of components is established at first. On this basis, considering the impact of preventive maintenance duration, preventive maintenance cost of the components is further divided into time-independent and time-dependent cost, to complete the economic dependence model. Then the system-level maintenance model is established with the minimum system maintenance cost rate as the optimization goal, and the optimal maintenance plan of the system is determined by genetic algorithm. Finally, a numerical example is provided to show that the proposed maintenance strategy can reduce system maintenance costs by 10% or more compared to maintenance strategies that consider a single factor, and illustrate the necessity and effectiveness by considering the maintenance duration and joint dependence between components. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Research on Medical Institution's Ordering Strategy Considering Confidence Level, Reference Point and Loss Averse in the “4+7” Quantity-price-linked Procurement MENG Jia, ZHANG Lei, WEN Yan, WEI Quanshen 2020, 23 (6):  101-108,154.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.014 Abstract ( 700 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (1251KB) ( 5464 )   Save For “4+7” procurement, such three irrational behavior factors as the confidence level, reference point and loss aversion of medical institution are taken into account, and a supply chain model is established in accordance with the real “4+7” procurement scene. The reference point is used as a function of the confidence level of the institution, which can not only examine the impact of the confidence level of the medical institution on the ordering decision, but also the law of the optimal order quantity and profit of the institution when considering its reference point. The study finds that the optimal order quantity of the medical institution is not always a monotonous decrease function with respect to loss aversion when reference point changes with confidence level. There are confidence level thresholds β1 and β2 (β1<β2) for low-profit medicines and high-profit medicines respectively. When the confidence level of the institution is lower than the threshold, both its optimal order quantity and profit decrease with the increase of the loss aversion; otherwise its optimal order quantity increases with the increase of the loss aversion, and its profit increases first and then decreases. According to these findings, strategies of medical institutions and manufacturers are given in the “4+7” quantity-price-linked procurement scenario. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Research on Optimal Differential Pricing Decision under Electric Vehicle Batteries Gradient Utilization GUO Mingbo, SHU Mi, ZHANG Zijian 2020, 23 (6):  109-116.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.015 Abstract ( 826 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (889KB) ( 5529 )   Save Since the used electric vehicle batteries have the potential of gradient utilization, the recycled used batteries are classified according to the remaining performance, and the optimal differential pricing decision mechanism under the gradient utilization of electric vehicle batteries is analyzed through game theory. In the study, a differential pricing model for the gradient utilization of waste electric vehicle batteries is created, and on this basis, the optimal differential pricing strategy under different decision in the supply chain is studied, and the optimal pricing strategy and optimal profit under various decisions are obtained, and then the optimization contract introduced to optimize the inefficiency in the supply chain. Finally, a numerical example is used to demonstrate the correctness of the proposition and the effectiveness of the optimized contract. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Direct Optimization in Urban Transit Network for Small and Medium-sized Cities CAO Zhenyu, JIANG Yangsheng, LUO Xiaoling, YANG Jie, ZHANG Yao 2020, 23 (6):  117-123.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.016 Abstract ( 1048 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF (632KB) ( 5620 )   Save To improve the direct rate of transit network on the basis of transfer demand satisfied with the least transfer, a direct transit network optimization model with the goal of maximizing the direct rate and minimizing the total direct time was designed. Minimizing transfer times was discussed as constraint in the model compared with the existing research, and meta-heuristics algorithm that utilizes main operators similar to GA was applied for solutions. Floyd algorithm was used to find the shortest path of the initial transit network as initial transit network by decreasing routes or combining routes, so that the model obtained initial solution of high quality. Total transfer times of transit network was calculated by space P method, and minimizing transfer times was taken into account under the existing constraint conditions that contains frequencies, fleet size available, length of transit routes, and so forth, and then the demand was distributed to routes using frequency share rule. Comparing with the existing research results, the results show that the direct rate increases by 9.7%, 8.41% and 0.39% in the Mandall's Swiss network of four routes, compared with the experiment 1, 2 and 3 of the existing research without considering the optimization of frequencies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Review Characteristics of Expert and Anti-assessment Research ZHANG Yao, LIN Chun 2020, 23 (6):  124-130,154.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.017 Abstract ( 823 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF (740KB) ( 5785 )   Save The high quality of expert database guarantees project reviews to be fair and just. Supervision and evaluation of experts review quality will benefit building high quality of expert database. Firstly whole network analysis method is used to estimate experts' power within the academic community to reflect their academic level. Secondly Pearson similarity analysis method is used to measure consistency in projects' score and project evaluation index score of experts reflect their credibility of expert. Thirdly through analyzing hit rate of project's support and no support, review professional level of experts is discussed. Finally TOPSIS evaluation method is used to evaluate review expert and verify the theoretical and application value of the research. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Study of Adaptability of Different Statistical Methods for Stability Assessment of Complex Industrial Data TANG Jun, ZHOU Bing, WEN Liliang, CHEN Aiming, HE Banghua, TANG Li, ZENG Zhongda 2020, 23 (6):  131-137.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.018 Abstract ( 967 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (1239KB) ( 6086 )   Save Six widely-used methods for stability analysis of simulated data with multi-morphological features and different levels of stability were theoretically compared, and the adaptability for statistical assessment was further studied to suggest optimal selection of these methods, which include range method, variance method, deviation degree method, p-value method, information entropy, and CV method. After summarizing the five different cases of multi-morphological data, an integrated strategy was proposed to simulate the variation of these data and then strictly evaluate the objectivity of these methods used for stability analysis. It shows that the range method, deviation degree method and p-value method are not suitable for the stability analysis of industrial production process data with high complexity. In contrast to these three methods, the performance of variance method and information entropy method is improved for the analysis of some types of data. Fortunately, the CV method has high robustness and wide adaptability to all the five cases of multi-morphological industrial data. The analysis of real data obtained from cigarette processing process further validate the results and conclusions introduced above. The results reported in this study provide an efficient way for stability analysis of industrial data with high complexity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

An R&D Competition Analysis of Heterogeneous Three-oligarch Model LIU Rongrong, ZHOU Wei, BAI Enpeng 2020, 23 (6):  138-145.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.019 Abstract ( 662 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (3140KB) ( 5699 )   Save A Bertrand three-oligarch dynamic model for producing heterogeneous products is established, in which firm1 and firm 2 form R&D alliance. The stability of the model is theoretically analyzed using the stability criterion and the stability region of the speed of R&D adjustment is obtained by numerical simulation. The influence of the change of the speed of R&D adjustment and technology spillover rate on R&D input is also discussed. The result shows that with the increase of the speed of R&D adjustment, the market will lose its stability. When the technology spillover rate of firm 3 is certain, the smaller technology spillover of the R&D alliance will not be conducive to the stability of the whole market. Finally, through the study of multistability, it is concluded that the state of attractors and the size or shape of the basin will change with the change of the speed of R&D adjustment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Research on the Impact Factors of Recognition Rate of QR Code Label Based on RSM TU Xinyu, YIN Jiankang, YANG Fangyan, LI Maobo, LI Haodong, LI Sheng, SONG Hongwen 2020, 23 (6):  146-154.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2020.06.020 Abstract ( 679 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (854KB) ( 5322 )   Save To enhance the recognition rate of QR code in high-speed motion, the factors that may affect the recognition rate of QR code are systematically analyzed and screened, and the CCI experimental design based on response surface method is carried out. The numerical value of belt moving speed, reading distance, reading angle and illuminance are divided into 5 levels, and the static and dynamic experiments and parameter optimization are respectively carried out. Static and dynamic experimental results show that reading distance and the interaction between reading angle and illuminance have a significant impact on the recognition rate of QR code in static experimental (p < 0.05) and belt moving speed, reading distance, and the interaction between reading distance and reading angle and the interaction between reading angle and illuminance have a significant impact on the recognition rate of QR code in dynamic experiments. Theoretically, when belt moving speed is 80.6 m/min, reading distance is 144.3 mm, reading angle is –25.6° and the illuminance is 683.0 lx, the maximum optimization value of recognition rate is 98.4%. Through experimental verification, it can be seen that the parameter optimization of influencing factors can effectively improve the QR code recognition rate. References | Related Articles | Metrics