Abstract: To fulfill the requirements for improving production efficiency and on-time delivery of prefabricated concrete components, the study examines the problem of parallel machine scheduling for prefabricated concrete component production. The current situation of prefabricated concrete component production involves parallel processing machines in each process with no separate buffer zone between processes. Therefore, this paper proposes a parallel machine production model for prefabricated concrete components under zero-buffer conditions. First, the components to be processed and the corresponding processing machines are determined, along with the critical time points of the processes. Second, the constraints of selecting parallel machines are combined with time constraints affected by the zero-buffer situation to establish a parallel production scheduling model for prefabricated components. A hybrid genetic algorithm-particle swarm optimization is designed for solving the problem. Finally, numerical experiments are conducted based on the production data of a prefabricated concrete component plant in Shenyang to verify the effectiveness of the model for actual scheduling and to demonstrate the better stability and applicability of the algorithm. Results show that the completion time of the proposed production model with zero buffer constraints is reduced from 78.98 hours to 73.18 hours, resulting in a 19.79% increase in machine utilization.