碳税背景下区块链技术对再制造模式选择的影响研究

    Impact of Blockchain Technology on Remanufacturing Mode Selection under Carbon Tax Policies

    • 摘要: 探讨了碳税政策下企业是否投资区块链技术的不同情景,构建了自主再制造、授权再制造和外包再制造下的博弈模型,继而讨论了区块链技术的采纳策略及其对再制造模式选择的影响。研究发现:1) 碳税政策会提高新产品和再制造产品的零售价格,同时会使新产品市场需求减少,再制造产品需求增加。而当单位区块链投资成本低于某一阈值时,区块链技术的引入会进一步使新产品需求往再制造产品转移,但也能实现两个制造商利润的帕累托改进。2) 无论是否采纳区块链技术,原始制造商始终偏好自主再制造;对再制造商而言,当消费者偏好较高且废旧产品回收规模系数达到一定阈值时,会偏好外包再制造。3) 无论供应链是否采纳区块链技术,自主再制造始终能有效降低环境影响并增加消费者剩余;而当消费者偏好较高时,外包再制造相较于授权再制造更能有效地实现两种效用的最优化。

       

      Abstract: To achieve the "dual carbon" goal and promote the development of low-carbon industries, the government has adopted a series of carbon emission reduction policies, including carbon tax and carbon trading, to encourage enterprises to transition to low-carbon development. As an effective approach to reduce carbon emissions, remanufacturing has been widely adopted by enterprises. Especially in the context of the digital economy, blockchain technology provides a novel means of information sharing in remanufacturing processes. By considering carbon tax policies, this paper establishes game models under three remanufacturing modes: in-house remanufacturing, authorized remanufacturing and outsourced remanufacturing, based on whether enterprises invest in blockchain technology. Subsequently, the adoption strategy of blockchain technology and its impact on remanufacturing mode choices are analyzed. Results reveal that: 1) carbon tax policies increase the retail prices of both new and remanufactured products while reducing the market demand for new products and increasing the demand for remanufactured products. When the unit blockchain investment cost is below a certain threshold, the adoption of blockchain technology further shifts the demand from new products to remanufactured products, achieving a Pareto improvement in the profits of both manufacturers. 2) Original equipment manufacturers always prefer the in-house remanufacturing mode regardless of whether blockchain technology is adopted. For remanufacturers, the outsourced remanufacturing mode is preferred when consumer preference is high and the recycling scale coefficient of used products reaches a certain threshold. 3) In-house remanufacturing is always effective in reducing environmental impact and increasing consumer surplus, regardless of whether the supply chain adopts blockchain technology. Moreover, the outsourced remanufacturing mode is more effective in optimizing both utilities than the authorized remanufacturing mode when consumer preference is high.

       

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