Abstract: In the context of carbon tax policies, this paper constructs six game models under in-house remanufacturing, authorized remanufacturing and outsourced remanufacturing based on whether enterprises invest in blockchain technology or not, and then discusses the impacts of blockchain technology on supply chain members' remanufacturing mode choices and blockchain introduction strategies. The results are as follows: 1) Carbon tax policies will increase the retail price of both new and remanufactured products, and at the same time will lead to a decrease in market demand for new products and an increase in demand for remanufactured products. And when the unit blockchain investment cost is below a certain threshold, the introduction of blockchain technology will further shift the demand for new products towards remanufactured products, but also achieve a Pareto improvement in the profits of both manufacturers. 2) The original equipment manufacturer always prefers in-house remanufacturing mode regardless of whether blockchain technology is adopted or not. For the remanufacturers, the outsourced remanufacturing model is preferred when consumer preference is high and the scale of recycling of used products reaches a certain threshold. 3) Among the three remanufacturing models, in-house remanufacturing is always effective in reducing the environmental impacts and increasing the consumer surplus, regardless of whether the supply chain is embedded with blockchain technology or not. Moreover, the outsourced remanufacturing model is more effective in achieving the optimization of the two utilities than the authorized remanufacturing model when the consumer preference is high.