Abstract: To address the issues of excessive emissions and inadequate emission reduction management in the contract manufacturing industry, this study explores practical pathways to simultaneously achieve economic development and green production. Two types of contract manufacturing structures are constructed including an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) model focusing on green emission reduction, and an original design manufacturer (ODM) model characterized by cost-sharing of emission reduction efforts. This paper compares the heterogeneous performance of these two models in terms of economic and environmental benefits, with particular attention to the key factors affecting the optimal decision-making of participating firms. Results show that the ODM model with cost-sharing achieves a higher optimal emission reduction level. As the level of green production improves, the economic benefits of the cost-sharing ODM model become increasingly pronounced, encouraging a transition towards greener manufacturing structures. However, considering the rising costs associated with green technology investment, firms may prioritize economic benefits while neglecting emission reduction effectiveness. Therefore, technological innovation is crucial.