考虑临时订单的集装箱舱位分配与动态定价模型

    A Container Space Allocation and Dynamic Pricing Model Considering Temporary Orders

    • 摘要: 针对班轮公司在随机需求的情况下如何实现收益最大化的问题,以集装箱舱位是提前签订合同还是临时购买为依据,将集装箱舱位的分配分为合同集装箱和临时集装箱。因为冷链运输的发展与市场需求,冷藏舱位给班轮公司带来了更高的收益,因此本文将干舱舱位与冷藏舱位的动态定价进行分离。基于收益管理理论,分阶段建立考虑实际约束的合同舱舱位分配模型以及临时舱位分配与动态定价模型,使用稳健建模方法对模型进行优化处理。与其他研究相比,该方法将舱位是否签订合同作为依据分阶段建立模型,并将干舱舱位与冷舱舱位的动态定价问题进行分离。通过算例分析发现,在需求不确定的环境下,临时舱位动态定价策略会比统一定价策略给班轮公司带来更多的预期收益,因此该方法可以为班轮公司指定临时舱位的分配以及定价策略提供一定的参考。

       

      Abstract: In order to address the issue of maximizing the revenue for liner companies under random demand, this paper classifies contracted containers and temporary containers in container space allocation based on whether a contract is signed in advance. Simultaneously, considering the development of cold chain transportation and market demand, reefer space generate higher profits for liner companies. Therefore, this paper separates the dynamic pricing mechanisms of dry and reefer containers. Based on the revenue management theory, a model for contracted container space allocation and a model for temporary container allocation and dynamic pricing model are established under practical constraints in a two-stage way. A robust modeling method is used to improve the model. Compared with other studies, this method establishes the model by stages according to the contract status of space, and separately address the dynamic pricing for dry and reefer containers. Results show that under uncertain demand, the dynamic pricing strategy of temporary containers yields higher expected revenue than the unified pricing strategy. Based on the findings, this method can provide valuable guidance for liner companies in effective container space allocation and pricing strategies.

       

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