考虑停车冲突与车位重配的共享停车平台定价策略分析

    Pricing Strategy of the Shared Parking Platform Considering Parking Conflict and Parking Slot Reassignment

    • 摘要: 针对共享停车市场面临的车位供需冲突,刻画停车用户因车位重配遭受的距离偏差风险,构建不同风险偏好下共享停车平台的定价模型,明确平台应对风险的最优定价策略。基于平台运营逻辑和停车市场特征,将平台的风险偏好细分为风险中性和风险厌恶,并将市场细分为低偏差与高偏差场景,采用均值方差理论构建相应的停车平台定价模型,得到不同风险偏好下的平台均衡定价、平台利润,消费者剩余及社会福利。结合广州市A平台数据开展案例分析,结果表明,当风险厌恶系数或偏差率误差为0时风险厌恶平台定价策略与风险中性相同;当二者大于0时风险中性平台在低、高偏差场景下均衡价格和利润高于风险厌恶平台,风险厌恶平台倾向于牺牲一定利润规避风险且消费者剩余和社会福利高于前者。相关结论可为共享停车平台应对停车冲突风险提供策略支持,促进平台在运营层面的可持续发展。

       

      Abstract: Facing the parking conflict between the demands and supplies in the shared parking market, this paper characterizes the risk of distance deviation suffered by parking users due to slot reassignment and proposes a pricing model for the shared parking platform under different risk preferences, which identifies the optimal pricing strategy for the platform to cope with the risks. Based on the platform operation logic and parking market characteristics, this paper classifies the risk preferences into risk-neutral and risk-averse types and classifies the market into low deviation and high deviation scenarios. Adopting the mean-variance approach, this paper proposes a pricing model for the shared parking platform and derives the equilibrium results in terms of the parking price, the platform’s profit, consumer surplus, and social welfare under different risk preferences. Take the Guangzhou case as an example to verify the findings, results show that the pricing strategy under the risk aversion scenario is the same as that under the risk-neutral scenario when the risk aversion coefficient or deviation rate error is zero. The risk-neutral platform is found to have a high parking price and a large platform’s profit compared with the risk-averse platform when the risk aversion coefficient and deviation rate error are larger than zero under both low and high deviation scenarios. The risk-neutral platform is further found to sacrifice some profits to avoid the risk to keep a high consumer surplus and large social welfare. Relevant conclusions provide support for the shared parking platform to cope with the parking conflict risk and promote the sustainable development of the platform at the operational level.

       

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