局限场景下非结构化物体少视图三维重建

    Sparse-View 3D Reconstruction of Unstructured Objects in Confined Environments

    • 摘要: 工业复杂装配环境中局限场景内的柔性线缆等非结构化物体,常因纹理弱、反光强及视角稀疏,导致三维重建模型出现几何断裂与漂浮伪影,难以满足数字孪生防碰撞需求。为此,本文提出一种融合多分辨率深度优化与动态漂浮物修剪的改进 3D 高斯溅射(3DGS) 框架。首先,构建多分辨率融合网络 (MRMN)、级联低分辨率全局骨架与高分辨率边缘特征,提取具备拓扑连续性的深度先验。其次,设计基于皮尔逊相关系数 (PCC) 的深度一致性损失函数,约束 3DGS 场的几何收敛。最后,引入基于 Dip Test 模态分析的动态漂浮物修剪技术 (FP),自适应剔除视场中的虚假障碍物。实验结果表明,该方法能有效恢复直径 2 ~ 5 mm 黑色线缆的连续拓扑结构。相较于追求视觉指标的传统方法,本研究采用了几何优先的重建策略,在显著提升模型物理空间纯净度与连通性的同时,有效消除了工业机器人路径规划中的潜在碰撞风险。

       

      Abstract: Reconstructing unstructured objects, such as flexible cables in confined industrial environments, faces challenges of geometric breakage and floating artifacts. These issues, caused by weak textures, strong reflections, and sparse views, hinder collision avoidance in digital twin applications. To address them, an improved 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) framework integrating Multi-Resolution Merging Network (MRMN) and Floating Pruning (FP) is proposed. First, MRMN extracts depth priors with topological continuity by cascading low-resolution global skeletons and high-resolution edge features. Second, a depth consistency loss function based on Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) is designed to constrain geometric convergence. Finally, an FP technique based on Dip Test modality analysis is introduced to adaptively remove false obstacles. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method effectively restores the continuous topology of black cables with diameters of 2 ~ 5 mm. Compared with traditional methods focusing on visual metrics, this study adopts a geometry-first strategy. It significantly improves the physical purity and connectivity of the model, thereby eliminating potential collision risks in industrial robot path planning.

       

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