消费者隐私关注下内容平台的跳转广告策略

    Content Platform's Redirect Advertising Strategy Under Consumer Privacy Concerns

    • 摘要: 为探究强制跳转广告绕过数据同意权独立施加侵扰背景下的内容平台投放策略及市场竞争均衡,构建双平台Hotelling模型,引入消费者位置偏好与隐私关注度二维异质性,采用逆向归纳法求解平台选择与数据共享决策,分析4种策略组合的纯策略纳什均衡及福利。结果表明,不考虑隐私时,若广告收益覆盖流失风险则市场全面投放;引入隐私后,广告收益、个性化收益及平台差异化均强化投放,侵扰负效用则抑制投放。单边投放与撤出均无激励时,全面投放与全面不投放同为纳什均衡,但平台偏好前者以获取更高利润,而侵扰过重时,社会最优要求后者,个体理性与社会利益相悖。默认开启开关仅在关闭成本低于侵扰负效用与个性化收益之差时,全体消费者主动关闭,市场收敛于无广告的高效均衡,否则开关无效。研究揭示了现行同意权框架在规制非数据依赖型侵扰时的结构性失效,为监管部门优化开关设计,降低关闭成本提供理论依据。

       

      Abstract: In response to the novel feature of forced redirect ads that impose intrusiveness independently of users' data consent, a dual-platform Hotelling model is constructed to investigate content platforms' advertising strategies and the resulting market equilibrium. Two-dimensional consumer heterogeneity — in location preference and privacy concern — is introduced. Backward induction is employed to solve consumers' platform choices and data-sharing decisions. Pure-strategy Nash equilibria under four strategic combinations (advertise vs. not advertise) are analyzed, along with their welfare implications. The results show that, in the absence of privacy concerns, the market inevitably moves toward full advertising as long as ad revenue covers the risk of consumer loss. When privacy concerns are incorporated, ad revenue, personalization benefits, and platform differentiation all strengthen the incentive to advertise, whereas intrusion disutility weakens it. When neither unilateral deviation is profitable, both full advertising and no advertising emerge as Nash equilibria; platforms prefer the former for higher profits, but society may prefer the latter when intrusion disutility is severe, revealing a conflict between private rationality and social welfare. The default-on ad switch is effective only when the switching cost is lower than the difference between intrusion disutility and personalization gains — in which case all consumers turn it off and the market converges to an efficient no-ad equilibrium; otherwise, the switch is ineffectual. The study identifies a structural failure of the current consent-based regulatory framework in governing non-data-dependent intrusions, and provides theoretical guidance for regulators to refine switch design and reduce consumers' switching costs.

       

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