Abstract:
The existing studies show that a two-stage supply chain with buy-back can be coordinated by buy-back contracts. However, it is not known that if this result can be applied to a three-stage supply chain. To answer this question, a three-stage supply chain composed of a manufacturer, a distributor, and a retailer is considered in this paper. A mathematical model is developed to describe the impact of buyback contracts between the manufacturer and distributor, and the distributor and retailer on the supply chain coordination. With this model, it is shown that the three-stage supply chain can be coordinated to be “win-win” by tuning the contract parameters. Further, with this model, conditions under which the supply chain can be coordinated to be “win-win” are presented. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by a numerical example.