工业工程

工业工程

• 实践与应用 • 上一篇    

返回舱充氧扳手安装过程人机工效分析及工艺改进

  

  1. 1.北京理工大学 机械与车辆学院， 北京 100081；2.北京卫星环境工程研究所，北京 100094
  • 出版日期:2016-04-30 发布日期:2016-05-27
  • 作者简介:于富洋（1990-）男，辽宁省人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为人机工程、维修性
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目（51405018）

An Ergonomic Analysis and Improvement of Installation of Return Module Oxygenation Wrench

  1. 1.School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; 2. Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering ,Beijing 100094, China
  • Online:2016-04-30 Published:2016-05-27

摘要：

返回舱充氧阀是载人飞船环控生保分系统的关键设备，为解决安装充氧扳手过程中存在的人机工效问题，提高充氧扳手安装精度，提出了一种基于仿真的系统分析与改进方法。建立了返回舱和充氧扳手模型，通过JACK软件对充氧扳手安装过程进行仿真。给出在人工装配过程中需要考虑的人机工效因素，包括可达性、可视性、操作空间、舒适性，再在仿真软件中分析操作过程中人、工具与返回舱侧壁的碰撞、可视域、下背部受力。根据分析结果从人机工效和装配工艺两方面对充氧扳手安装过程提出改进意见。经过论证，这种基于仿真的系统分析与改进方法能够发现人工装配中存在的问题，降低人体受力28%，提高可视性和装配工艺精度。

关键词: 充氧扳手, 装配工艺, 人机工效

Abstract:

Oxygenation wrench is the essential equipment for environmental control and life support subsystem of spacecraft. In order to optimize the ergonomic performance in the installation process of the oxygenation wrench, an analytical method for system improvement based on simulation technology is proposed. Firstly, the models of return module and oxygenation wrench are built, and the whole installation process simulated in JACK. Then, ergonomic factors of manual assembly, including reachability, visibility, operation space and comfort, are assessed based on the examination and analysis of primary ergonomic concerns such as collisions between people, tools and return module wall, visibility and human stress, which are quantified and retrieved from the simulation result. Finally, both ergonomics-oriented and assembly-process-oriented recommendations for the optimization of oxygenation wrench installation are proposed based on previous assessment and analysis. Based on experimental verifications, this method is capable of identifying the ergonomic flaws and problems, which can be optimized in manual assembly processes, leading to a 28% reduction of the body′s stress and significant improvement on visibility and assembly precision.

Key words: oxygenation wrench, assembly process, ergonomic