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时变变质率产品的订购-定价策略

  

  1. 1.宁波大学 商学院,浙江 宁波 315211; 2. 同济大学 经济与管理学院,上海 200092
  • 出版日期:2016-08-30 发布日期:2016-10-08
  • 作者简介:李贵萍(1988-),女,山西省人,讲师,博士,主要研究方向为库存与供应链管理.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(71502088, 71371139, 71173123) ;中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2015M581907);浙江省博士后资助项目(BSH1502157); 上海市曙光人才计划资助项目(13SG24);宁波大学人文社会科学培育资助项目(XPYB14006)
     

Joint Ordering and Pricing Policy for Perishable Items with Time-varying Deterioration Rate

  1. 1. Business School, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; 2. School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • Online:2016-08-30 Published:2016-10-08

摘要:

研究时变变质率产品的订购与定价联合决策问题。以系统平均利润最大化为目标函数且将已变质产品的变质处理成本考虑在内,构建了相应的订购与定价联合决策模型,其中需求同时依赖于价格和库存水平、系统允许缺货且缺货量部分延迟订购。接着,对于已知的定价策略,证明并给出了最优补货策略唯一存在的充分条件;另一方面,对于已知补货策略的情况也证明了最优定价策略的存在性。此外,证明了在联合订购与定价决策下得到的最优销售价格总是大于单独进行定价决策时得到的最优价格。进而,在模型证明和分析的基础上给出一个寻求最优解的算法。最后,通过数值模拟的方法对模型中主要参数的灵敏度进行了分析,并给出相应的管理建议。结果表明:如果零售商忽略库存水平对需求的影响或变质处理成本,制定的销售价格将偏低;对于价格弹性较高的产品,零售商应采取低价销售策略;当顾客的等待耐心较差或产品的替代性较强时,最优策略应该是提高产品的销售定价并缩短缺货期。

 

关键词: 时变变质率产品, 订购与定价策略, 价格和库存依赖型需求率, 部分延迟订购

Abstract:

A joint ordering and pricing problem for perishable items with time-varying deterioration rate is discussed. Treating the maximized average profit as the objective and taking the disposal cost of decayed items into account, a joint ordering and pricing model is formulated, in which demand rate is dependent on both price and inventory level, the shortage is allowed and partially backlogged. Next, for any given pricing policy, the unique and optimal ordering policy is proved existent under a certain condition; on the other hand, for any given ordering policy, the existence of optimal pricing is also proved. In addition, it is proved that the optimal selling price obtained under the joint pricing and ordering decision is greater than that under the situation of making pricing decision separately. Furthermore, based on the proof and analysis of the model, an algorithm is proposed to search the optimal solution. Finally, the sensitivity analyses of main parameters of model are conducted by numerical simulation. The result shows that if the retailer ignores the influence of inventory level on the demand or the disposal cost of decayed items, the selling price will be low. As for products with high price elasticity, the retailer should adopt a low-pricing policy. If customers are impatient or products are with high substitutability, the optimal policy is to increase the selling price and shorten the shortage period.

Key words: perishable item with time-varying deterioration rate, ordering and pricing policy, price-and stock-dependent demand rate, partial backlogging