工业工程

工业工程 ›› 2023, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 96-103,123.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2023.04.012

• 系统建模与优化算法 • 上一篇    下一篇

客货邮融合下城乡客运车辆调度双层优化方法

鲁芳1,2, 黄彬1, 闫蕾朵1   

  1. 1. 中南林业科技大学 物流与交通学院，湖南 长沙 410004;
    2. 湘潭大学 商学院，湖南 湘潭 411105
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-05 发布日期:2023-09-08
  • 通讯作者: 黄彬(1998-),男,湖南省人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为物流与供应链管理。E-mail:737520661@qq.com E-mail:737520661@qq.com
  • 作者简介:鲁芳(1979-),女,湖南省人,教授,博士,主要研究方向为物流与供应链管理
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金资助项目 (20BGL114)

Bi-level Optimization of Urban and Rural Passenger Vehicle Scheduling Integrating Passenger, Cargo and Express Mail Service

LU Fang1,2, HUANG Bin1, YAN Leiduo1   

  1. 1. School of Logistics and Transportation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
    2. Business School, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
  • Received:2022-07-05 Published:2023-09-08

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摘要： 为了健全县乡村三级物流配送体系，补齐农村寄递物流基础设施短板，客货邮融合模式应运而生。客货邮融合主要借助客运车辆进行实施，但由于农村地区客运车辆存在发车频次少等情况，使得客货邮融合在实施过程中面临着客运车辆运营成本高及快递配送时间长等问题。针对营运成本及客货配送问题，通过考虑客货邮融合下的城乡客运车辆调度优化，构建车辆协调调度的双层规划模型，可以实现车队规模优化，并改善农村地区快递末端配送时效性。上层规划模型以乘客与货件总旅行时间为目标，下层规划模型以车队规模为目标。利用逆差函数将下层目标转化为模型的约束条件，在确定车队规模的基础上求解双层规划模型的最优解。通过算例分析，比较客货邮融合和客货分离两种情况在总旅行时间上的差异，结果表明考虑客货邮融合可以有效改善不同车队规模情况下的乘客与货件的总旅行时间。

关键词: 客货邮融合, 双目标优化, 车辆调度, 逆差函数

Abstract: In order to improve the three-level logistics distribution system in counties and villages and complement the shortcomings of rural delivery logistics infrastructure, the mode integrating passenger, cargo and express mail service emerges. The integration of passenger, cargo and express mail service is mainly implemented through passenger vehicles. However, due to the low frequency of passenger vehicles in rural areas, the mentioned integration faces problems such as high operating cost of passenger vehicles and long delivery time during implementation. To address the issues of operating cost and the delivery of passengers and cargo, a bi-level programming model for coordinated vehicle scheduling is established by considering the scheduling optimization of urban and rural passenger vehicles integrating of passenger, cargo and express mail service. It can optimize the fleet size and improve the efficiency of express delivery in rural areas. The upper-level programming model takes the minimum of total travel time of passengers and cargo as the objective, while the lower-level programming model takes the minimum of fleet size as the objective. The deficit function is used to transform the lower-level objective into the constrain of the model, and the optimal solution of the bi-level programming model is obtained based on a deterministic fleet size. Through numerical example analysis, the differences in total travel time between the integration of passenger, cargo and express mail service and the separation of passengers and goods are compared. Results show that considering the integration of passenger, cargo and express mail service can effectively reduce the total travel time of passengers and cargo with different fleet sizes.

Key words: integration of passenger, cargo and express mail service, bi-level optimization, vehicle scheduling, deficit function

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