需求受价格影响的市场环境下生产-分销系统动态仿真

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用系统动力学方法对需求受价格影响的市场环境下的生产-分销系统的动态性进行了仿真研究。论文设置了3种不同的需求-价格函数关系，分别为下降趋势的线性关系、非线性幂函数关系和非线性指数关系。通过仿真比较了不同需求函数的牛鞭效应。研究结果表明，需求与价格的关系为下降趋势的线性关系时的牛鞭效应最大，而需求与价格的关系为非线性幂函数关系和非线性指数关系时的牛鞭效应接近。研究结论对改善具有价格敏感性的产品生产与分销策略，提高企业这种产品的市场竞争力有参考意义。

关键词: 生产-分销, 系统动力学, 需求-价格函数, 仿真, 牛鞭效应

Abstract: The impact of price-dependent demands on the production-distribution inventory system is studied. Three demand functions with price are applied: down trend linear function, nonlinear power function, and nonlinear exponential demand function. By using a SD (System Dynamics) simulation method, the bullwhip effects of three demand functions are compared. The results show that when the demand is a down trend linear function of price, the bullwhip effect is the largest, and the other two demand functions have the similar bullwhip effects. With the results obtained, it is beneficial for improving production and distribution strategies and upgrading the competition ability in the marketplace.

Key words: production-distribution, system dynamics, demand-price function, simulation, bullwhip effect

赖新峰1，2, 陈志祥2. 需求受价格影响的市场环境下生产-分销系统动态仿真[J]. 工业工程, 2014, 17(1): 131-136.

Lai Xin-feng1,2, Chen Zhi-xiang2. A Research on Dynamic Simulation of Production-Distribution System with Price-dependent Demands[J]. Industrial Engineering Journal , 2014, 17(1): 131-136.

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