多主体参与下的网络食品安全治理演化博弈分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-7375.2022.02.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨共治情景下的网络食品安全治理效能，构建平台、政府、消费者等多方主体共同参与的网络食品安全治理演化博弈模型，并通过求解和数值仿真，揭示网络食品安全治理演化均衡规律。研究发现，网络食品安全治理处于演化均衡时，平台与入驻企业存在4种演化稳定策略组合。为达到平台趋向积极监管、入驻企业趋向销售安全食品的最优策略，需满足条件1) 销售安全食品与不安全食品的成本差值小于政府惩罚与负面网评给企业造成的损失之和；或条件2) 平台消极监管受到的惩罚大于平台积极监管的投入，销售安全食品与不安全食品的成本差值大于政府惩罚和负面网评给食品企业造成的损失之和，但成本差值小于平台处罚、政府惩罚和消费者负面网评给企业造成损失的总和。为保障质量安全食品的有效供给，政府部门应提高对入驻企业和平台的查处概率及惩罚额度、平台应降低企业的入驻费用、消费者可通过网评的方式积极参与监督。

关键词: 网络食品安全, 共治, 演化博弈

Abstract: In order to discuss the effectiveness of online food safety governance under the co-governance scenario, an evolutionary game model of online food safety co-governance with the participation of platforms, governments and consumers is constructed. Through the calculation and simulation analysis, the evolutionary equilibrium law of online food safety governance is revealed. It is found that when the evolution of online food safety governance reaches the equilibrium point, there are four different evolutionary stability strategy combinations between the platforms and the enterprises. When the co-governance mode meets the following two conditions, food enterprises in the online market will continue selling safe food: (1) The cost difference between selling safe food and unsafe food is less than the sum of the losses caused by government punishment and negative online reviews; and (2) platform negative regulation punishment is greater than the positive regulation of investment, meanwhile the cost difference between selling safe food and unsafe food is greater than the sum of the losses caused by government punishment and negative online reviews, but less than the overall punishment from the government, platform, and negative comments to the enterprises. In order to ensure the effective supply of safe food, the government departments should improve the probabilities of investigation and increase punishment for the enterprises and the platform, the platform should reduce the fees for enterprises to enter the platform, and consumers can actively participate in food safety governance through online reviews.

Key words: online food safety, co-governance, evolutionary game theory

中图分类号:

TS201.6

申聪, 魏明侠, 夏雨, 盛义龙. 多主体参与下的网络食品安全治理演化博弈分析[J]. 工业工程, 2022, 25(2): 1-12.

SHEN Cong, WEI Mingxia, XIA Yu, SHENG Yilong. An Evolutionary Game Analysis of Multi-agent Co-governance of Online Food Safety[J]. Industrial Engineering Journal, 2022, 25(2): 1-12.

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